![]() ![]() Here’s an IPv4 subnet mask, commonly used on home networks: 255.255.255.0 ![]() It’s way easier to remember an IPv4 address for a few minutes while you run from one side of the office to another than to remember an IPv6 address!. ![]() Legacy device support (many only support IPv4) – things like office printers, Point of Sales hardware, etc.It is easy to read and calculate network addresses/subnets without a special calculator.However, IPv4 remains popular and will remain popular on local networks in homes and offices, as: Though it is still the standard, when IPv4 addresses run out, they’ll run out, and IPv6 will reign. Many tricks are being used to keep the supply available, like having devices share addresses behind routers, but it’s only a matter of time before the addresses run out.ĭue to this, IPv4 is slowly being replaced out on the Internet. This gives a total of 4,294,967,296 possible addresses – a supply that has rapidly dwindled as more and more people get online, requiring Internet IP addresses for their devices. They’re called octets as each set consists of 8 bits when expressed in binary – see the table later in the article for a visual representation. It consists of 4 sets of up to 3 numbers referred to as OCTETS from 0-255 (inclusive) separated by a period (. IPv4 ( Internet Protocol version 4) is the standard used for computers to communicate on a network (and the Internet).Īn IPv4 address looks like this: 192.168.1.5 Traffic to this address goes to all hosts on the network.Usually, the last address in the range.Identifies the network itself – devices use it to recognize different networks.Usually, the first address in the range.It’s called a ‘mask’ because it ‘masks’ the network part of the IP address, leaving the host address.Įach subnet contains at least two addresses:.The subnet mask determines, in an IP address, which part identifies the network and which part identifies the host (or device) on the network.Hosts on different subnets must communicate via a router.Hosts in the same subnet can communicate directly.The subnet mask (AKA netmask) defines the range of IP addresses available within a (sub) network.Networks can be split into subnets – sub-networks.Let’s skip the analogies and break it straight down:Īn IP address contains two components the network address describing the network and the host address describing the host on the network. It’s a big topic, so this article will try to stay focused on its practical side to help get you on the right track and subnetting your home network with ease. This article aims to familiarise you with IP addresses and subnets and the calculations involved when setting them up. ![]()
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